新型冠狀病毒感染的肺炎疫情發(fā)生以來，國家高度重視。國內(nèi)外文局國內(nèi)翻譯研究院翻譯審定工作機制及時響應(yīng)，按疫病名稱，傳染防控，政策舉措，機構(gòu)、職業(yè)群體和場所名稱，病理癥狀，器具名稱，其他醫(yī)學(xué)名詞等七個類別，搜集梳理、翻譯審定了180條新型冠狀病毒肺炎疫情相關(guān)詞匯英文表達，供業(yè)界及相關(guān)人員參考使用。
一、疫病名稱
1.冠狀病毒 coronavirus
2.2019新型冠狀病毒 2019 novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV)
3.肺炎 pneumonia
4.病毒性肺炎 viral pneumonia
5.不明原因肺炎 pneumonia of unknown etiology/cause
6.嚴重急性呼吸綜合征(非典) severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)
7.嚴重急性呼吸道感染 severe acute respiratory infection (SARI)
8.急性呼吸窘迫綜合征 acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS)
9.中東呼吸綜合征 Middle East respiratory syndrome (MERS)
10.呼吸道疾病(呼吸系統(tǒng)疾病) respiratory diseases
二、傳染防控
11.**關(guān)注的突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件 Public Health Emergency of International Concern (PHEIC)
12.乙類傳染病 Category B infectious diseases
13.人傳人 person-to-person/human-to-human transmission
14.行走的傳染源 mobile source of infection
15.潛伏期 incubation/latent period
16.無癥狀的潛伏期 silent/asymptomatic incubation period
17.特定傳染病 specific infectious disease
18.病毒攜帶者 virus carrier
19.無癥狀攜帶者 asymptomatic carrier
20.超級傳播者 super spreader
21.飛沫傳播 droplet transmission
22.接觸傳播 contact transmission
23.病毒的蔓延 spread of a virus
24.隱性感染 covert/silent/inapparent/subclinical infection
25.外源性感染 exogenous infection
26.密切接觸者 close contact
27.接觸者追蹤 contact tracing
28.傳染途徑 route of transmission
29.傳播方式 mode of transmission
30.宿主 host
31.易感人群 susceptible/vulnerable population
32.醫(yī)院/院內(nèi)感染 nosocomial infection; hospital-acquired infection
33.職業(yè)暴露 occupational exposure
34.確診病例 confirmed case
35.疑似病例 suspected case
36.散在病例 sporadic case
37.輸入性病例 imported case
38.二代病例 second-generation case
39.傳染性 transmissibility; infectivity
40.致病性 pathogenicity
41.疫情 epidemic; outbreak
42.疫區(qū) affected area
43.發(fā)病 morbidity
44.發(fā)熱病人 patients with fever; febrile patients; fever patients
45.重癥 severe case
46.發(fā)病率 incidence rate
47.死亡率 mortality rate
48.病死率(致死率) fatality/mortality/death rate
49.治愈率 recovery rate
50.疫情防控 epidemic prevention and control
51.監(jiān)測體溫 to monitor body temperature
52.體溫檢測 to check body temperature
53.早發(fā)現(xiàn)、早隔離 early detection and early isolation
54.隔離治療 to receive treatment in isolation
55.自我隔離 to quarantine yourself in your home; self-monitored quarantine
56.臨床數(shù)據(jù) clinical data
57.核酸檢測 nucleic acid testing (NAT)
58.血清診斷 serodiagnosis
59.自覺接受醫(yī)學(xué)觀察 to present yourself to medical observation
60.解除醫(yī)學(xué)觀察 to be discharged from medical observation
61.診斷、治療、追蹤和篩查 diagnosis, treatment, tracing and screening
62.預(yù)防措施 preventive measure
63.疫苗 vaccine
64.戴口罩 to wear a mask
65.勤洗手/仔細洗手 to wash your hands often/carefully
66.消毒 disinfection
67.避免去人多的地方 avoid crowds
68.健康篩查 health screening
69.旅行限制 travel restrictions
70.健康申報表 health declaration form
71.海鮮市場 seafood market
72.活體農(nóng)貿(mào)市場 live animal market
73.濕貨市場 wet market
74.野味 bushmeat; game
75.果子貍 masked palm civet
76.蝙蝠 bat
77.竹鼠 bamboo rat
78.獾 badger
三、政策舉措
79.突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件 public health emergency
80.啟動重大突發(fā)公共衛(wèi)生事件一級響應(yīng) to activate first-level public health emergency response
81.掌握情況，不漏一人 to have full knowledge of the situation (of the community) and leave no one unchecked
82.遏制疫情蔓延 to contain the outbreak
83.封城 A city is on lockdown./A city goes into lockdown.
84.延遲開學(xué) to postpone the reopening of schools
85.延長春節(jié)假期 to extend the Chinese New Year holiday
86.(公共場所)消毒、通風以及體溫檢測 disinfection, ventilation and body temperature monitoring (in public areas)
87.應(yīng)急醫(yī)院 makeshift hospital
88.火神山醫(yī)院 Huoshenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
89.雷神山醫(yī)院 Leishenshan Hospital (in Wuhan)
90.暫停海外團隊旅行 to suspend overseas group tours
91.關(guān)閉景點 to close scenic spots
92.取消大型集會 to cancel mass gatherings
93.減少外出 to make fewer trips outside
94.控制人口流動 to curb population flow
95.兩周觀察期 two-week observation period
96.停運長途汽車 to halt long-distance buses
97.調(diào)減市內(nèi)公交to reduce the frequency of bus services in the city
98.特殊報銷政策 special reimbursement rules
99.緊平衡 in tight balance
100.醫(yī)療物資緊缺 shortage of medical supplies
101.日?；旧钗镔Y daily necessities
102.跨境采購 cross-border procurement
103.囤積食物 to stock up on food
104.捂貨惜售 hoarding
105.瞞報 to underreport
106.哄抬價格 price gouging
107.頂格處罰 the maximum penalty
四、機構(gòu)、職業(yè)群體和場所名稱
108.世衛(wèi)組織 World Health Organization (WHO)
109.中央應(yīng)對新型冠狀病毒感染肺炎疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組(中央應(yīng)對疫情工作領(lǐng)導(dǎo)小組) Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee for Novel Coronavirus Prevention and Control
110.國家衛(wèi)生健康委員會(國家衛(wèi)健委) National Health Commission (NHS)
111.國內(nèi)疾病預(yù)防控制中心(國內(nèi)疾控中心) Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention (China CDC)
112.國家醫(yī)療保障局(國家醫(yī)保局) National Healthcare Security Administration (NHSA)
113.醫(yī)療機構(gòu) medical institution
114.衛(wèi)生機構(gòu) health institution
115.醫(yī)療從業(yè)者 medical practitioner; healthcare professional
116.醫(yī)療人員 medical personnel; health workforce; health workers
117.一線醫(yī)護人員 frontline health workers
118.鐘南山 Zhong Nanshan, a prominent Chinese expert in respiratory diseases (and a hero of the 2003 fight against SARS)
119.定點醫(yī)院 designated hospitals
120.發(fā)熱門診 fever clinic
121.重癥監(jiān)護病房 intensive care unit (ICU)
122.檢疫所 quarantine office
123.藥店 pharmacy; drugstore
五、病理癥狀
124.病理 pathology
125.病原體 pathogen
126.病毒變異 virus variation
127.病毒突變 virus mutation
128.臨床表現(xiàn) clinical picture
129.上呼吸道感染 upper respiratory tract infection (URTI)
130.低氧血癥 hypoxemia; low blood oxygen
131.纖維化 fibrosis
132.肺膿腫 lung abscess
133.雙肺浸潤性病灶 infiltration in both lungs
134.發(fā)熱 fever
135.乏力 fatigue
136.干咳 dry cough
137.頭疼 headache
138.胸悶 chest distress; chest oppression
139.心慌 palpitations
140.惡心想吐 nausea
141.腹瀉 diarrhea
142.呼吸困難 dyspnea; respiratory distress; breathing difficulties
143.呼吸急促(氣促) shortness of breath; panting
144.感染性休克 septic shock
六、器具名稱
145.紅外體溫測量儀 infrared thermometer
146.體溫檢測熱像儀 thermal imaging camera for temperature monitoring
147.診斷器具 diagnostic tool/kit
148.消毒液 disinfectant; antiseptic solution
149.消毒濕巾 disinfectant/antiseptic wipes
150.含酒精洗手液 alcohol-based hand rub/sanitizer
151.口罩 facemask; mask
152.N95口罩 N95 mask/respirator
153.醫(yī)用外科口罩 surgical mask
154.防護服 protective suit
155.護目鏡 goggles
156.一次性手套 disposable gloves
157.負壓救護車 negative pressure ambulance
七、其他醫(yī)學(xué)名詞
158.**衛(wèi)生條例 International Health Regulations (IHR)
159.流行病學(xué) epidemiology
160.流行病學(xué)調(diào)查(流調(diào)) epidemiological investigation
161.呼吸器官 respiratory organs
162.呼吸道 respiratory tract
163.消化系統(tǒng) digestive system
164.神經(jīng)系統(tǒng) nervous system
165.腎功能 renal function
166.流感 influenza; flu
167.結(jié)膜炎 conjunctivitis; pink eye
168.宿疾、慢性病 chronic ailment; chronic disease
169.高血壓 hypertension; high blood pressure
170.糖尿病 diabetes; diabetes mellitus
171.心血管病 cardiovascular disease
172.基因序列 genetic sequence
173.基因結(jié)構(gòu) genetic structure
174.試劑 reagent
175.診斷 diagnosis
176.檢測樣本 test sample
177.醫(yī)學(xué)觀察 medical watch; medical observation
178.病毒分離 virus isolation
179.抗病毒藥 antiviral drug
180.退燒藥 febrifuge; antipyretic
