在規(guī)劃會議活動時(shí)有一個(gè)重要問題常常被忽視，那就是對同聲傳譯進(jìn)行錄音、網(wǎng)上直播等所涉及的版權(quán)問題。

　　當(dāng)你考慮以下問題的時(shí)候：會議是否需要錄音?要錄制哪些場次?同傳是否也要錄，是否要將口譯員的聲音錄進(jìn)去?錄制內(nèi)容是作為內(nèi)部使用，還是做網(wǎng)上直播或錄播?需要哪些音視頻設(shè)備?誰來提供?

　　就涉及到會議口譯的知識產(chǎn)權(quán)問題了。

　　會議口譯員權(quán)益受**法保護(hù)。對會議做網(wǎng)絡(luò)直播需事先征得同傳譯員同意。

　　對同傳進(jìn)行錄音需要事先征得口譯員的同意

　　會議口譯員的現(xiàn)場翻譯受到**法律保護(hù)。1886年通過的《伯爾尼公約》，對文學(xué)及藝術(shù)作品作者的權(quán)益提供了保護(hù)。翻譯作品無論是文字、聲音、音視頻還是其它類似形式的，均作為原創(chuàng)作品受到版權(quán)保護(hù)，而譯者作為作者同樣受到公約的保護(hù)。根據(jù)《伯爾尼公約》，會議口譯員的現(xiàn)場同傳屬于翻譯作品，而身為作者，同傳譯員則享有《公約》所規(guī)定的專有權(quán)利。

　　簡而言之，絕不可以在口譯員不知情或不同意的情況下，對其進(jìn)行錄音。這也是為了保護(hù)口譯員不被第三方起訴。假如錄音的主要使用者不是會議主辦方，則錄音前還需要得到會議組織方的授權(quán)，并征得發(fā)言人的同意。

　　**會議口譯員協(xié)會(AIIC)針對會議中錄制口譯內(nèi)容需遵守的條件 提供了操作性指導(dǎo)。一般而言，會議口譯服務(wù)合同中需包含版權(quán)轉(zhuǎn)讓條款及詳細(xì)許可費(fèi)用的規(guī)定。

　　Memorandum concerning the use of recordings of interpretation at conferences

　　1. The present memorandum, drafted by the International Association of Conference Interpreters, is based on the provisions of international copyright agreements administered by WIPO and UNESCO and contains practical information on the conditions governing the use of recordings made of interpretation at conferences.

　　Warning

　　2. Conference interpretation is an oral intellectual exercise, quite distinct from drafting a written text. Any attempt to put the content of recording of conference interpretation into written form, without considerable preliminary editing, can only yield questionable results.There is no known instance of spoken language being completely transferable into acceptable written form. It is therefore recommended that professional minute writers or translators be used to do the editing required.

　　3 . Stenotypists, a related profession, trained to prepare word-for-word versions of conference proceedings are also available.

　　Introduction

　　4. The protection of intellectual and creative works and their use by third parties, are subject to national legislation, bilateral agreements and international agreements, in particular the International Copyright Convention and the Berne Convention for the Protection of Artistic and Literary Works.

　　5. The performance of conference interpreters is protected under international law. The Berne Convention provides protection for the interests of authors; translations are protected as original works and translators are protected as authors. When fixed in material form, of any nature whatsoever (printed, sound or audiovisual recording, records, discs, magnetic tapes, videograms, slides, films, wire, cable, transparencies, photocopies, microcards, or any similar method) the performance of the conference interpreter becomes a translation within the meaning of the Berne Convention and the exclusive rights foreseen in the Convention apply to the author.

　　6. The purpose of the rules governing copyright is the protection of the legitimate rights of the author. Thus, no one may publish the work of an author, nor exploit it in any other way without the preliminary consent of the author: the exclusive right to grant such authorization belongs solely to the author, i.e. the interpreter.

　　Finally, the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (10 December 1948) recognises in principle the protection of the moral and material rights of authors in relation to their works.

　　Contract for assignment of copyright

　　7. The normal method of assignment of copyright covers two stages: the conclusion of a contract and the implementation of its provisions.

　　A. Conclusion of a contract

　　8. The assignment of copyright must be made in writing. The organiser, the person responsible for the conference, or any third party who may wish to record interpretation in the course of a meeting, must therefore apply for permission at the time the very first contacts are made with the interpreters concerned. NO INTERPRETER MAY BE RECORDED WITHOUT HIS/HER KNOWLEDGE AND WITHOUT HIS/HER CONSENT.

　　The authorization of third parties may be necessary, inter alia the organiser of the conference (if he is not the principal user of the recording) and that of the original speakers at the meeting. This consent is necessary in order to protect the interpreter against any proceedings taken by a third party.

　　9. The contract for the use of a recording of conference interpretation shall be drafted in as precise, clear and unequivocal terms as possible. It must state the type of use (commercial or non-commercial) foreseen for the recording and the technical method(s) of dissemination of the work (printing, cassettes, video-cassettes, broadcasting, television etc.). Any use not specifically provided for in the contract remains the property of the author.

　　10. An individual contract must be established for each interpreter involved in an assignment of rights, i.e. for all interpreters working in the language(s) being recorded, including any interpreters acting as relay-point "pivot". Each contract shall be signed by both parties.

　　11. The contract shall also contain details of the scope of application in time and space, the method and amount of payment, the jurisdiction applicable and the technical method provided to ensure quality of recording. Furthermore, a recording of the original version of speeches must be foreseen as well as the recording of the interpretation in the version heard through their headphones by the audience.

　　B. Implementation of the contract

　　12. Apart from the conditions agreed to in the contract which must be complied with and implemented, there are other obligations incumbent upon the assignee, even if they are not provided for in the contract: if the interpreter so wishes, his name shall be published by the user of the recording, and any distortion or alteration to the quality of the recording which could be harmful to the honour or reputation of the interpreter must be avoided.

　　The user shall guarantee payment to the interpreter of the fee agreed to in the contract. Information must be made available to allow the interpreter, in cases of pro rata terms of remuneration, to check the ratio between payment(s) received and the actual use of the work.

　　Practical advice

　　13. The organiser, the person responsible for the conference or any third party user must ensure by notices posted in the meeting rooms and by publication in the programme that no recording(s) other than those authorized in writing in the contract are made. With the specific exception of press conferences, all tape recorders used by individuals wishing to make secret or pirated recordings must be disconnected.

　　Should unauthorized sound or audiovisual versions (tapes, cassettes, videograms, discs, slides, films, wire, cable, transparencies etc.) or pirated texts (photocopies, printed, microcards, microfiches, print-outs etc.) be sold, the interpreters will hold the signatory of the contract responsible for enforcing their rights.

　　Remuneration

　　14. Remuneration is negotiated freely between the organiser of the conference and the interpreters.

　　Model Contracts

　　15. A model contract to cover the assignment of copyright in connection with the recording(s) of conference interpretation is attached. It is intended to facilitate the contractual relationship between the interpreter and the organiser, the person responsible for the conference or any third party assignee.